Tuổi thơ là thời gian trẻ khởi đầu việc tiếp thu tri thức và hình thành nhân cách. Do vậy ở độ tuổi này, trẻ cần được bồi dưỡng với những hoạt động nhằm trước hết là hình thành thói quen ham học và biết cư xử. Quan trọng hơn, các em phải học cách học để dần biết độc lập, tự tin và có ý thức trách nhiệm đối với bản thân cũng như những người gần gũi. Để làm được điều này, nhà trường theo đuổi thực hiện 5 nguyên tắc xuyên suốt quá trình học.
Ai cũng biết rằng mầm non là bậc học đầu tiên, có tính nền tảng giúp trẻ bước đi một cách vững vàng trong các bậc học tiếp theo và trọn đời. Đặc điểm nổi bật ở giai đoạn này là trẻ thường học qua chơi và hoạt động chơi đóng vai trò kết nối, bồi đắp khả năng tri nhận và vốn hiểu biết của các em.
Hát, múa, đọc truyện, sử dụng nhạc cụ phổ thông, làm đồ chơi, những kĩ năng sống cần thiết phù hợp với lứa tuổi, khơi dậy và phát triển tối đa những khả năng tiềm ẩn, đặt nền tảng cho việc học ở các cấp học tiếp theo và cho việc học tập suốt đời.
Improve the quality of preschool education universalization for children 5 years old
Outdoor activities of teachers and students Kindergarten 20-10 (Hoan Kiem district, Hanoi).
In recent years, the universalization of preschool education (ECEC) for 5-year-old children has created the basic premise for improving the quality and care and education for preschool children. Currently, ECEC in localities has changed positively with the school network strengthened, expanded and distributed to most residential areas.
According to the Director of ECEC, Ministry of Education and Training (Education and Training), Nguyen Ba Minh, the project on ECEC universalization for 5-year-old children approved by the Government in 2010 with the goal: Ensure most 5-year-old children live in All regions are allowed to come to the classroom to perform care and education twice a day to prepare well physically, intellectually, emotionally, aesthetically, Vietnamese and mentally, ready to enter grade 1. After 10 years of practice Currently, the network of preschool schools and classes across the country has been strengthened, expanded and distributed to most residential areas of communes, wards, villages and villages. The country now has more than 200,000 classrooms, of which, the number of newly built classrooms in 10 years is 105,639 rooms. The proportion of solid classrooms is 77.7%. Notably, the rate of mobilizing children going to school increased sharply. Currently, the total number of preschool children attending school is 5,306,501 (an increase of 1,535,018 children compared to the 2010-2011 school year), of which there are 1,637,266 5-year-old kindergartens. Localities have focused on ECEC, better meeting the need of bringing children to school and improving the quality of child care and education. Deputy Director of Khanh Hoa Department of Education and Training Do Huu Quynh said: From the 2010 - 2011 school year up to now, the whole province has transformed 100 kindergartens and kindergartens from people-founded to public; recruiting preschool teachers to meet the provincial ECE tasks according to regulations. In addition, the province has directed localities to merge schools, small and scattered schools and schools in the same communes, wards and towns in order to streamline the apparatus and invest in essential and qualified facilities. child care and education. In Dien Bien province, which was recognized as meeting ECEC universalization standards for children 5 years old since 2014, the province has consistently maintained the results of ECEC universalization in all 130 communal and all 10 level agencies. District. The number of children in the age group mobilized to grade next year is always higher than the previous year, along with that, the conditions to ensure the quality improvement of education are increasingly strengthened.
The localities have paid attention to planning, expanding the network of schools and classes, collecting retail points; review land planning, reserve land fund to build kindergartens, issue projects, policies, invest in and mobilize all resources for ECEC development to meet child care needs. However, in addition to the achieved results, the implementation of universalization of ECEC for 5-year-old children in localities still faces difficulties such as in Nghe An, the demand for children to go to school is increasing, meanwhile, the payroll staff Members assigned annually to perform streamlining. Therefore, the ratio of teachers / classes is low, affecting the quality of education and safety for children. On the other hand, many localities do not have an appropriate mechanism to mobilize resources in socializing investment in developing ECEC. Organizations and individuals who want to invest in the development of schools and preschool classes still face many difficulties in receiving priorities in terms of land and credit; Land planning in localities has not been paid attention, especially in industrial zones, export processing zones ...
Representatives of the Department of Education and Training of Binh Thuan Province proposed the Ministry of Education and Training to advise on increasing the level of support for lunches for children and expanding the target of ethnic minority children in disadvantaged areas to facilitate their child's arrival. school, maintaining the attendance rate. The Department of Education and Training of Phu Yen province wants the Ministry of Education and Training to coordinate with ministries and agencies to drastically and promptly direct preschool teachers, staff, especially medical staff so that ECEC institutions have enough. conditions for effective implementation of education and child care; promptly approve the job placement framework project for preschools to ensure the number of teachers and staff according to regulations.
Deputy Minister of Education and Training Ngo Thi Minh said, localities should focus on prioritizing resources to maintain and improve the quality of ECEC universalization for 5-year-old children; promulgate plans and guiding documents for the full, effective and timely implementation of the regimes and policies prescribed for preschool teachers. In which, priority is given to the policy of supporting teachers in extremely difficult areas, on borders and islands. In the coming time, the Ministry of Education and Training will assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with concerned ministries, branches and localities in, formulating and submitting to the Government and the Prime Minister for promulgation a project on ECEC universalization for 4-year-old children. The localities build plans, determine solutions and roadmaps for implementing the universalization of ECEC for 4-year-old children firmly, ensuring the quality and feasibility. Along with that, the local government advises urgently recruiting the missing teachers according to the norms to promptly meet the size of the school, class and the need for preschool care and education. Gradually improve the quality of the team to meet the requirements of child care and education in the context of integration ...
QUUYNH NGUYEN and NGUYEN KHOI - Nhan Dan Newspaper
