Tuổi thơ là thời gian trẻ khởi đầu việc tiếp thu tri thức và hình thành nhân cách. Do vậy ở độ tuổi này, trẻ cần được bồi dưỡng với những hoạt động nhằm trước hết là hình thành thói quen ham học và biết cư xử. Quan trọng hơn, các em phải học cách học để dần biết độc lập, tự tin và có ý thức trách nhiệm đối với bản thân cũng như những người gần gũi. Để làm được điều này, nhà trường theo đuổi thực hiện 5 nguyên tắc xuyên suốt quá trình học.
Ai cũng biết rằng mầm non là bậc học đầu tiên, có tính nền tảng giúp trẻ bước đi một cách vững vàng trong các bậc học tiếp theo và trọn đời. Đặc điểm nổi bật ở giai đoạn này là trẻ thường học qua chơi và hoạt động chơi đóng vai trò kết nối, bồi đắp khả năng tri nhận và vốn hiểu biết của các em.
Hát, múa, đọc truyện, sử dụng nhạc cụ phổ thông, làm đồ chơi, những kĩ năng sống cần thiết phù hợp với lứa tuổi, khơi dậy và phát triển tối đa những khả năng tiềm ẩn, đặt nền tảng cho việc học ở các cấp học tiếp theo và cho việc học tập suốt đời.
Phổ cập giáo dục mầm non cho trẻ 5 tuổi: 10 năm thành công, sẵn sàng giai đoạn mới
After 10 years of implementing the project on universalization of preschool education for 5-year-old children (2010-2020), the education sector has mobilized 99.9% of 5-year-old children across the country to go to school.
The Ministry of Education and Training assesses that children are prepared physically, psychologically, linguistically, cognitively, emotionally and socially to enter grade 1, bold, confident, inquisitive, like going to school… To achieve this is the great effort of the difficult regions, plus policies to develop the network of non-public kindergartens in populated areas.
After 10 years of implementing the project on universalization of preschool education for 5-year-old children (2010-2020), the education sector has mobilized 99.9% of 5-year-old children across the country to go to school.
At the end of 10 years of implementation of the project on universalization of preschool education for children aged 5 years old of the Ministry of Education and Training, the preschool network has been strengthened, expanded and distributed to most areas of the commune's population. , wards, villages, and hamlets to better meet the need to send children to school and improve the quality of care and education for preschool children.
The country currently has more than 15,400 kindergartens, kindergartens and preschools, an increase of more than 2,600 schools compared to the 2010-2011 school year. 99.9% of 5-year-old children can go to school, have their Vietnamese language enhanced, prepare the best physical and psychological conditions to enter grade 1. The good news is that in remote areas, there are many Ethnic minorities, parents voluntarily send their children to school and actively participate in the process of taking care of children at school.
Each locality has solutions and initiatives to attract preschool children to school in accordance with the actual conditions, for example, in Dien Bien province, in the past, it was to mobilize parents to help cook boarding meals, later on. When the appearance of a teaching assistant mother is born, the work of mobilizing children is increasingly prosperous.
Ms. Dang Thi Thai, an expert from the Department of Education and Training in Tuan Giao District, Dien Bien Province, said: “For communes with extreme difficulties, the regional program organization will provide funding for mothers to assist in teaching. fit us. That teaching assistant mother came to coordinate like a real teacher in the class. Coordinated organizing all activities, not really like a normal teacher, but they support very well in organizing cooking, then organizing activities for children during the day. In organizing these learning activities, mothers do the translation work with children with difficulty, just first step into the class. We find the effective quality is very high ”.
Sharing his experience in attracting preschool children to school, Mr. Do Huu Quynh, deputy director of the Department of Education and Training of Khanh Hoa province, said that the province has implemented synchronously many solutions, including focusing on investment. material foundations, solidifying schools and classes; support lunch for preschool children, school milk program for mountainous children and recently a program to enhance Vietnamese language for children 5 years old.
“Strengthening Vietnamese language for children has a special interest, ie just two summer months for children before entering primary school. Policies for children yes, policies for teachers yes. The policy for children is to be equipped with books and school supplies with the limit of 25,000 VND per month. As for teachers and administrators, managers are entitled to 40% of the base salary per month, while teachers who teach 50% of the base salary and funding are about 1 per year on average. billion is used for strengthening Vietnamese, ”said Quynh.
The Ministry of Education and Training assesses, the implementation of the project, the child is prepared physically, psychologically, linguistically, cognitively, emotionally, social skills to enter grade 1, bold, confident , inquisitive, like to go to school ...
In large cities with a high concentration of population, or localities with a large concentration of industrial parks and export processing zones, to meet the increasing demand for preschools of people, local authorities have had many policies. to develop a system of private and private kindergartens such as support for land rental, investment in facilities ...
If in 2010, the whole country had 13% of kindergartens being people-founded, private preschools now more than 20% of the total number of kindergartens nationwide, with a total of nearly 3,000 200 schools. Nationwide, there are more than 15,000 900 independent private preschool institutions. This school model helps diversify types of educational institutions to suit local conditions.
Mr. Nguyen Van Them, deputy director of the Department of Education and Training of Bac Giang province, said local specific policies, with two very specific policies, one is that for private preschools, the province will support 100% compensation, ground clearance, land rent during the lease term.
“For private kindergartens that have just been established in communes, towns, and adjacent to industrial zones, money will be provided to build classrooms. In the province, but up to this point has supported 795 rooms. For private independent groups of children, including groups of children in private preschools, each group of children is supported with one-time purchase of teaching aids worth about 20 million VND, ”added Mr. Add. .
From the success of implementing the project on universalization of preschool education for children 5 years old, hereby, the Ministry of Education and Training continues to consolidate, maintain and improve the quality of preschool education universalization for children 5 age and develop preschool education under 5 years old, with a vision to 2030 universalizing preschool education for children 4 years old; shorten the gap in regions, implement equity in education.
Minh Hường - VOV1
